ASTM B265 Grade 5 Titanium Sheet & Plate
- Product: ASTM B265 Grade 5 Titanium Sheet & Plate
- Material type: Alpha-beta titanium alloy / Ti-6Al-4V
- UNS: R56400
- Room-temperature structure: Typical alpha-beta microstructure controlled by annealing or heat treatment
- Common supply condition: Annealed (other conditions as ordered)
- Available forms: Sheet, plate, cut-to-length coil sheet and other agreed dimensions
- Surface conditions: Hot-rolled pickled, cold-rolled annealed and pickled, blasted, ground, polished or as ordered
- Thickness: 0.3–60 mm; Customizable up to 100 mm
- Width: 400–2000 mm
- Length: 1000–6000 mm
Customizable sizes are available, while specific product parameters should be confirmed per the applicable standard edition and order.
Product Overview
ASTM B265 Grade 5 titanium sheet and plate are alpha-beta titanium alloy flat products produced and tested to ASTM B265. The alloy is Ti-6Al-4V, UNS R56400. Grade 5 combines high specific strength, good fatigue performance, intermediate fracture toughness and corrosion resistance, and is one of the most widely used titanium alloys for aerospace, industrial, marine, energy, automotive and high-performance structural applications.
Grade 5 is titanium alloyed principally with aluminum and vanadium: Al 5.5–6.75% and V 3.5–4.5%, with controlled oxygen, iron, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen. Compared with commercially pure titanium, it offers substantially higher strength with a narrower forming and welding process window. It is commonly supplied annealed and, in suitable sections under a qualified process, may be solution treated and aged for higher strength. Formal acceptance shall follow the ASTM B265 edition, thickness, condition, test direction and supplementary requirements stated in the order.
Grade 5 sheet and plate are suitable for aerospace skins, brackets, frames, aircraft and engine components, pressure vessels, fasteners and connectors, marine and energy equipment, industrial machinery, automotive components, motorsport and sporting goods, and other high-strength lightweight structural parts qualified to the relevant drawings and standards.
| Specification | Cold-Rolled Titanium Sheet | Hot-Rolled Titanium Plate |
| Standard | ASTM B265 | |
| Grades | Gr5 | |
| Thickness | 0.3–4.75 mm | 5–60 mm; Customizable up to 100 mm |
| Standard Stock Thicknesses | 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.5 / 2.0 / 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.0mm | 5 / 6 / 8 / 10 / 12 / 15 / 20 / 25 / 30 / 35 / 40 / 50 / 60 mm |
| Width | 400–1200 mm | 400–2000 mm |
| Length | 1000–3000 mm | 1000–6000 mm |
| Note | Sheet Thickness ≤ 4.75 mm | Plate Thickness > 4.75 mm polished or pickled surfaces available. |
Important: This document is prepared around ASTM B265-25 Grade 5 titanium sheet and plate. The annealed mechanical table applies to 0.025–1.000 in thickness. The contract edition, thickness, condition and supplementary requirements govern formal acceptance.
Main Characteristics
- High specific strength and heat-treatment response: Ti-6Al-4V has lower density than steel with much higher strength, and its thermomechanical history and heat treatment can provide different balances of strength, ductility, fatigue and fracture toughness. Alloy selection, condition and heat treatment must match the design, thickness, fabrication route and service requirements.
- ASTM B265 mechanical requirements: for annealed Grade 5 sheet and plate 0.025–1.000 in (approx. 0.64–25.4 mm) thick, the minimum tensile strength is 895 MPa, the minimum 0.2% offset yield strength is 828 MPa and the minimum elongation is 10%. For material under 0.025 in, elongation is subject to agreement. Formal acceptance shall follow the ordered ASTM B265 edition and applicable requirements.
- Good corrosion resistance: Grade 5 forms a stable titanium-oxide passive film and performs well in seawater and many general corrosive environments. Actual selection must consider medium, temperature, concentration, flow, crevices, cathodic protection, dissimilar-metal joints and stress; fluoride-bearing media and strongly reducing acids require specific evaluation.
- Weldability: TIG, plasma, laser and electron-beam welding may be used with suitable procedure qualification. The weld area must be clean and the weld pool, face, root and hot heat-affected zone require complete high-purity inert-gas shielding. Post-weld properties and any subsequent heat treatment shall be determined by component design, qualified procedure and applicable specification.
- Low density and low magnetic permeability: Density is about 4.42 g/cm³ and room-temperature magnetic permeability is about 1.00005 at 20 oersteds, supporting high-specific-strength lightweight structures and low-magnetic-response applications.
- Heat-treatable alloy: Grade 5 is an alpha-beta titanium alloy whose properties are strongly affected by microstructure and thermomechanical history. In suitable sections and under qualified processes, annealing, stress relief, solution treatment and aging may be used to tailor performance. Special thermal condition, flatness, surface, ultrasonic examination or fatigue requirements must be stated in the order.
Chemical Composition
ASTM B265 Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) chemistry is controlled to the following mass-percent limits:
| Element | ASTM B265 Grade 5 requirement |
| Aluminum, Al | 5.50–6.75% |
| Vanadium, V | 3.50–4.50% |
| Nitrogen, N | ≤0.050% |
| Carbon, C | ≤0.080% |
| Hydrogen, H | ≤0.015% |
| Oxygen, O | ≤0.200% |
| Iron, Fe | ≤0.400% |
| Titanium, Ti | Balance |
| Residual elements, each | ≤0.100% |
| Residual elements, total | ≤0.400% |
- Aluminum and vanadium: Aluminum is an alpha stabilizer and vanadium is a beta stabilizer. Together they establish Grade 5’s alpha-beta microstructure and heat-treatment response. Their contents, together with thermomechanical history, affect final microstructure and properties.
- Nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and iron require close control. Excess nitrogen and carbon reduce ductility; excessive hydrogen can form brittle hydrides; iron affects strength, microstructure and corrosion behavior.
- Final chemistry shall be confirmed by the original mill test report for the applicable heat. More-stringent customer drawings, ASME, NACE, ASTM B265 or other applicable requirements must be stated during quotation and ordering.
ASTM Mechanical Requirements
The following room-temperature tensile requirements apply to annealed ASTM B265 Grade 5 titanium sheet and plate 0.025–1.000 in (approx. 0.64–25.4 mm) thick. For thinner material, other condition, thickness, specimen form, test orientation and supplementary requirements, use the ordered ASTM B265 edition and applicable clauses for formal acceptance.
| Property | Requirement | Status |
| Ultimate tensile strength, Rm | ≥895 MPa | ASTM minimum; annealed, 0.025–1.000 in |
| 0.2% offset yield strength, Rp0.2 | ≥828 MPa | ASTM minimum; annealed, 0.025–1.000 in |
| Elongation in the specified gauge length | ≥10% | ASTM minimum; annealed, 0.025–1.000 in |
| Reduction of area, Z | — | Not a general ASTM B265 sheet/plate tensile acceptance requirement |
Typical room-temperature properties (not guaranteed)
| Property | Typical annealed Grade 5 reference |
| Ultimate tensile strength | Approx. 895–1000 MPa |
| 0.2% offset yield strength | Approx. 828–930 MPa |
| Elongation | Approx. 10–15% |
| Reduction of area | Approx. 20–25% |
| Elastic modulus | Approx. 107–122 GPa |
Important: Typical values are not ASTM acceptance values and are not automatically guaranteed for every lot. Flatness, surface roughness, UT, PMI, corrosion testing, clad-plate supplementary testing or other tests must be ordered when required.
HTN Supply and Quality Services
ASTM B265 Grade 5 titanium sheet and plate are produced by evaluated, qualified mill resources. HTN confirms technical requirements from customer drawings and purchase specifications, selects a mill with appropriate capability, reviews the original MTR and heat/lot records, and verifies the relationship among material standard, thickness, dimensions, quantity, condition and inspection documents.
When agreed in the contract, HTN can coordinate independent retesting, ultrasonic examination, PMI, thickness and flatness inspection, cut-to-size service, surface conditioning, EN 10204 3.1 documentation and third-party inspection, together with export packing, shipping documents and international delivery.
Typical Applications
- Plate heat exchangers, heat exchangers, condensers, evaporators and corrosion-resistant heat-transfer-system components;
- chemical reactors, tanks, vessels, tower internals, linings and corrosion-resistant sheet-metal parts;
- desalination, marine engineering, shipboard, hydrometallurgical, energy and environmental equipment;
- explosive-bonded clad-plate backing, precision stampings, deep-drawn parts, bent parts and other high-formability components;
- flue-gas desulfurization, pollution control, food, pharmaceutical and other equipment requiring corrosion resistance, weldability and a cleanable surface;
- other sheet and plate applications evaluated against drawings, standards, supply condition and actual service conditions.
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Fabrication and Processing Characteristics
Cutting and machining
Grade 5 sheet and plate can be blanked by shearing, sawing, waterjet, laser, plasma or another qualified method, and can also be drilled, milled and ground. Use sharp tooling, stable feed and abundant non-chlorinated cutting fluid to avoid local overheating, scoring and iron contamination. Heat-cut edges, heat-affected zones and oxide must be treated as required by the end use.
Cold forming
Grade 5 has limited to moderate cold-forming capability. Bending, stamping, deep drawing, spinning and press forming should be validated against thickness, condition, bend radius, surface condition and tooling. Complex shapes may require warm forming, hot forming, staged forming or intermediate annealing under a qualified process.
Hot working and heat treatment
Sheet and plate are commonly produced through hot rolling, annealing, pickling, cold rolling, final annealing and finishing. Working temperature, reduction, soak time, cooling path and atmosphere must follow a qualified process to limit grain coarsening, oxidation and alpha case. Annealing restores ductility, stabilizes microstructure and relieves residual stress; it is not a conventional strengthening route.
Welding
Grade 5 has good weldability. Material surfaces must be clean and free from oil or iron contamination. The weld pool, face, root and hot heat-affected zone require complete high-purity inert-gas shielding. Critical weldments should be qualified for joint strength, ductility, corrosion behavior and any required post-weld treatment.
Machining safety: Fine titanium chips and powders are combustible and must be collected, stored and handled away from ignition sources under applicable safety requirements.
Typical Physical Properties
The following are typical reference values near room temperature and are not mandatory lot-acceptance requirements of ASTM B265:
| Physical property | reference value |
| Density | Approx. 4.42 g/cm³ |
| Elastic modulus | Approx. 107–122 GPa |
| Specific heat at room temperature | Approx. 0.580 J/(g·K) |
| Thermal conductivity | Approx. 6.6 W/(m·K) (at approx. 20°C) |
| Electrical resistivity | Approx. 1.68 μΩ·m (at approx. 0°C) |
| Mean CTE, 0–100°C | Approx. 9.0×10⁻⁶/K |
| Beta transus | Approx. 995°C |
| Melting (liquidus) temperature | Approx. 1650–1660°C |
| Poisson’s ratio | Approx. 0.31 |
| Magnetic permeability | Approx. 1.00005 (20 Oe, room temperature) |
Physical-property reference: TIMET TIMETAL 6-4 (equivalent to ASTM Grade 5) public technical data. Values vary with temperature, texture, heat treatment, thickness and product condition.
Corrosion Resistance
Grade 5 sheet and plate corrosion resistance is based on a stable, tightly adherent titanium-oxide passive film. The alloy performs well in seawater and many general corrosive environments. Actual material selection must be verified against medium, temperature, concentration, oxygen availability, flow, deposits, crevices, dissimilar-metal joints and stress state.
Environments in Which Grade 5 Generally Performs Well
- Natural seawater, marine atmospheres, salt spray, brines and many high-chloride aqueous media;
- many neutral aqueous solutions, general industrial water, desalination and applicable heat-transfer service;
- nitric acid and many oxidizing acidic environments;
- evaluated chemical processing, hydrometallurgy, pollution control, food and pharmaceutical equipment duties;
- sheet-metal and deep-drawn parts requiring excellent formability, weldability and corrosion resistance.
Environments Requiring Careful Evaluation
- Fluoride-bearing media or hydrofluoric acid;
- hot, concentrated, oxygen-starved or strongly corrosive acids containing reducing metal ions;
- completely dry chlorine, anhydrous methanol or halide-contaminated methanol;
- red fuming nitric acid, molten chloride salts, liquid mercury, cadmium and other special chemical environments;
- pickling, cathodic protection or electrochemical conditions that may promote hydrogen pickup, as well as hot crevices, deposits, dissimilar-metal contact and stressed locations.
- hot crevices, deposits, dissimilar-metal contact and stressed locations.
Engineering caution: Grade 5 corrosion resistance cannot be determined by alloy grade alone. Fluoride-bearing media, reducing acids, oxygen-starved crevices and hot brines require actual-service corrosion testing and engineering review.
Typical Industry Manufacturing Route for Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) Titanium Sheet and Plate
- Raw-material preparation: Select qualified titanium sponge and approved clean revert, while controlling oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, iron and foreign contamination.
- Electrode preparation: Compact the charge into electrode blocks and assemble the melting electrode, excluding oil, moisture and iron-bearing foreign matter.
- Vacuum melting and ingot production: VAR, electron-beam cold-hearth melting or another approved titanium melting route may be used. The melting route and number of melts follow the qualified mill process and purchase requirements.
- Ingot conditioning and chemistry: Crop, peel or grind as necessary, complete required chemical analysis, retain heat identification and perform necessary internal-quality controls.
- Breakdown and slab preparation: Forge, break down roll or use another qualified process to refine the cast structure, improve internal uniformity and produce slab for rolling.
- Hot rolling: Hot roll slab to intermediate thickness under qualified temperature, reduction and cooling controls to obtain stable microstructure while limiting oxidation and alpha case.
- Annealing, pickling and cold rolling: Apply intermediate annealing, pickling to remove oxide, and cold rolling as required by product thickness and properties. Pickling must limit hydrogen pickup.
- Final annealing and surface conditioning: Final anneal to restore ductility and stabilize microstructure. Acid-pickled, blasted, ground, polished or other agreed surface conditions may be supplied.
- Flattening, finishing, inspection and delivery: Level, cut to size, trim edges, apply protective film or finish as ordered. Verify chemistry, tensile properties, thickness, dimensions, tolerances, flatness, surface and identification. UT, PMI, surface roughness, corrosion testing, clad-plate supplementary testing or third-party inspection are performed when ordered. Maintain full correlation among material, labels, heat, lot, dimensions, condition and original MTR.
