ASTM F1472 Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5 Titanium Bar
- Standard: ASTM F1472 (or contract-specified edition)
- Grade: Ti-6Al-4V (commonly called Grade 5)
- UNS: R56400
- Supply form: Round bar or other ordered bar form
- Condition: Annealed, as ordered
- Dia: φ7 ~ φ300 mm
- Typical Medical Bar Length: 2000–3000 mm; cut-to-length available
Customizable sizes are available, while specific product parameters should be confirmed per the applicable standard edition and order.
Product Overview
ASTM F1472 titanium bar is wrought, annealed Ti-6Al-4V alpha-beta alloy bar for the manufacture of surgical implants, UNS R56400, commercially known as Grade 5. Aluminum stabilizes alpha and vanadium stabilizes beta, providing high strength at low density, good corrosion resistance and established manufacturability. This is conventional Ti-6Al-4V, not the ELI / Grade 23 alloy specified by ASTM F136.
The alloy is widely used as precision machining stock for orthopedic, trauma, spinal, dental and other surgical implant devices. ASTM F1472 specifies chemical, mechanical and metallurgical requirements for medical-alloy raw material; the finished implant still requires device-level validation for actual diameter, microstructure, surface integrity, fatigue, cleaning, sterilization, biological evaluation and regulation.
| Specification | Details |
| Medical Standard | ASTM F1472 |
| Medical Grades | Ti-6Al-4V |
| Diameter Range | Ø7 – Ø300 mm |
| Typical Diameters | Ø7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200 mm |
| Typical Medical Bar Length | 2000–3000 mm; cut-to-length available |
| Surface / Supply Condition | Hot-rolled black surface / Turned / Ground |
| Precision Tolerance | h6 / h7 / h8 available subject to diameter, finishing process and order confirmation |
Medical-use boundary: ASTM F1472-compliant bar is medical-device raw material, not an approved finished implant. The device manufacturer remains responsible for design, manufacturing, surface treatment, cleaning, sterilization, biological evaluation, risk management and regulatory compliance.
Main Characteristics
- Medical conventional Ti-6Al-4V: Combines high specific strength, corrosion resistance and extensive clinical and engineering use. F1472 permits higher oxygen, iron and hydrogen limits than ASTM F136 Ti-6Al-4V ELI; the two specifications and material grades must not be labeled interchangeably.
- Controlled alpha-beta chemistry: Aluminum stabilizes alpha and vanadium stabilizes beta. Al, V, interstitial elements, yttrium and residual elements require heat-specific control for consistent strength, ductility, microstructure and machining response.
- Good biocompatibility: A stable TiO2 passive film and extensive clinical use support its role as a common implant material. The finished device still requires biological evaluation under applicable regulations and standards such as ISO 10993.
- Good corrosion resistance: Performance is generally excellent in saline, body fluids and many chloride environments, but fretting, crevices, dissimilar-metal coupling, fluoride media and surface contamination require device-level evaluation.
- Weldable with strict shielding: Qualified GTAW/TIG, laser, electron-beam or resistance welding may be used. The pool, root and hot heat-affected zone must be fully protected from O, N, H and C contamination.
- High strength with limited cold formability: Strength is substantially above unalloyed titanium, while room-temperature forming margin is limited and springback is significant. Bar may be forged, rolled, drawn, machined and cold formed to a limited degree; complex deformation normally uses qualified warm or hot-working procedures.
Chemical Composition
The following mass-percent limits are commonly applied to ASTM F1472-23 Ti-6Al-4V (UNS R56400). Formal purchasing and acceptance are governed by the contract edition, official ASTM text and original mill report:
| Element | ASTM F1472 Ti-6Al-4V requirement |
| Nitrogen, N | ≤0.05% |
| Carbon, C | ≤0.08% |
| Hydrogen, H | ≤0.015% |
| Iron, Fe | ≤0.30% |
| Oxygen, O | ≤0.20% |
| Aluminum, Al | 5.5-6.75% |
| Vanadium, V | 3.5-4.5% |
| Yttrium, Y | ≤0.005% |
| Residual elements, each | ≤0.10% |
| Residual elements, total | ≤0.40% |
| Titanium, Ti | Balance |
Technical references: ASTM F1472-23 official scope and public abstract, plus producer data for Ti-6Al-4V / UNS R56400.
- Aluminum and vanadium: Al is 5.5-6.75% and V is 3.5-4.5%, together producing a heat-treatable alpha-beta microstructure. Chemical homogeneity, melting and thermomechanical processing affect microstructure and final performance.
- Interstitials and iron: O, Fe, C, N and H affect strength, ductility, toughness and hydrogen-embrittlement risk. F1472 conventional Ti-6Al-4V limits differ from F136 ELI; procurement, reports and identification must clearly distinguish them.
- Yttrium and residuals: Yttrium is limited to 0.005% maximum; each and total residual-element limits must follow the standard. The report must correspond to the heat and include the required chemistry, not only Al and V.
- Titanium content: The specification states Titanium: Balance. A nominal grade or medical-grade claim does not replace heat-specific analysis, the material report and contract testing.
Mechanical Properties
ASTM F1472-23 specifies room-temperature tensile requirements for annealed wrought Ti-6Al-4V. Bar minimums vary with diameter/thickness, sampling orientation and specimen form. Common public reference ranges are 895-930 MPa ultimate tensile strength, 825-860 MPa 0.2% yield strength, 8-10% elongation and 15-25% reduction of area. Formal acceptance must use the applicable size table in the contract edition.
| Property | ASTM F1472 annealed-bar minimum range | Note |
| Ultimate tensile strength | 895-930 MPa | Minimum varies by bar size/orientation |
| 0.2% yield strength | 825-860 MPa | Minimum varies by bar size/orientation |
| Elongation | 8-10% | Minimum depends on size, orientation and specimen |
| Reduction of area | 15-25% | Minimum depends on size and specimen |
ASTM F1472 Ti-6Al-4V Annealed Bar Reference Requirements
| Property | Ti-6Al-4V annealed reference |
| Ultimate tensile strength | Typical specified minimum by size: approx. 895-930 MPa |
| 0.2% yield strength | Typical specified minimum by size: approx. 825-860 MPa |
| Elongation | Typical specified minimum: approx. 8-10% |
| Elastic modulus | Typical approx. 105-116 GPa |
Important: ASTM F1472 tensile minimums vary with bar diameter/thickness, sampling orientation and specimen form. The table is for product presentation only and does not replace the applicable size table in the contract edition, original mill report or lot acceptance. Raw-material compliance alone does not approve a finished implant.
HTN Supply and Quality Documentation
HTN organizes ASTM F1472-23 Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) medical titanium alloy bar supply to customer purchase requirements. Material is produced by qualified titanium-mill resources. Original mill reports, heat/lot traceability, chemistry, mechanical and microstructure records can be supplied as agreed. HTN reviews the standard edition, heat number, diameter, tolerance, annealed condition, surface, straightness and packaging, and can arrange independent retesting, ultrasonic inspection, microstructure examination, cut-to-length processing, clean packaging and third-party inspection.
Typical Applications
- machining stock for hip, knee, shoulder and other joint-replacement system components;
- machining stock for orthopedic trauma plates, screws, intramedullary nails and spinal implant components;
- dental implants, abutments, restorative components and precision connectors;
- cranio-maxillofacial fixation devices, surgical clips and other high-strength implant components;
- medical-device parts requiring high specific strength, good damage tolerance and corrosion resistance;
- precision round, ground and near-net-size bar made to customer drawings;
- medical-device research, prototypes and custom implant material;
- international projects when ISO 5832-3, regulatory and customer supplementary requirements are also met.
Application boundary: ASTM F1472 Ti-6Al-4V bar is raw material for surgical implant manufacture, not an approved finished implant. The final device must separately meet applicable regulations, design validation, fatigue evaluation, biological evaluation, cleaning, sterilization and traceability requirements.
Fill in the form below and our team will be happy to assist you
Fabrication and Machining Characteristics
Hot Processing, Finishing and Dimensional Control
Ti-6Al-4V bar is commonly made by qualified multiple melting, ingot breakdown, forging or rolling, annealing, straightening, and turning, peeling or centerless grinding. Use rigid setups, sharp tools, low cutting speed, steady feed and abundant non-chlorinated coolant. Avoid heat concentration, galling, work hardening, burns and tensile residual stress. Titanium chips are combustible and require dedicated control.
Cold working and forming
The alloy can be cold drawn or formed to a limited extent, but room-temperature formability is lower than unalloyed titanium and springback is significant. Warm or hot forming reduces flow stress. The actual window must be qualified for diameter, microstructure, direction, surface condition and accumulated strain, with intermediate annealing where needed.
Annealing and heat treatment
ASTM F1472 applies to annealed wrought material. Control temperature, soak, cooling and vacuum/inert atmosphere to avoid grain coarsening, continuous grain-boundary alpha, coarse elongated alpha platelets, excessive beta transformation, alpha case and hydrogen pickup. Special heat-treatment conditions require separate contract definition and validation.
Welding and joining
Qualified GTAW/TIG, laser, electron-beam, resistance or diffusion joining may be used. Clean thoroughly, use compatible filler where applicable and fully shield hot metal. Device welds require validation of microstructure, strength, fatigue, corrosion resistance and cleanliness.
Typical Physical Properties
The following are typical values for annealed Ti-6Al-4V near room temperature. Unless explicitly required by the standard or contract, they are not routine ASTM F1472 lot-acceptance values:
| Physical property | Reference value |
| Density | Approx. 4.43 g/cm³ |
| Elastic modulus at room temperature | Approx. 105-116 GPa |
| Thermal conductivity at room temperature | Approx. 6.7 W/(m·K) |
| Mean CTE, 20-100°C | Approx. 8.6×10⁻⁶/K |
| Solidus/liquidus reference | Approx. 1604-1660°C |
| Poisson’s ratio | Typically approx. 0.34 |
| Crystal structure at room temperature | Alpha + beta |
| Magnetism | Essentially non-magnetic |
| Strengthening mechanism | Solid solution, microstructure control and optional heat treatment |
| Specific heat at room temperature | Typically approx. 526 J/(kg·K) |
Physical-property reference: Producer data for Ti-6Al-4V / UNS R56400. Values vary with temperature, microstructure, orientation, cold work and heat treatment.
Corrosion Resistance
Ti-6Al-4V develops a spontaneous, renewable TiO2 passive film and generally resists saline, body fluids and many aqueous chlorides. Actual device performance also depends on roughness, inclusions/residue, fretting, wear, crevices, dissimilar metals, electrochemical conditions and cleaning or sterilization residue.
Environments in Which Grade 5 Generally Performs Well
- Saline and many simulated-body-fluid environments;
- humid air and high-purity water;
- neutral chloride solutions;
- many oxidizing environments;
- properly controlled cleaning and passivation processes;
- many medical-device sterilization processes after device validation;
- long-term tissue contact without fretting;
- validated orthopedic, spinal and dental implant environments.
Environments Requiring Careful Evaluation
- Fluoride cleaners, hydrofluoric acid or high-fluoride oral conditions;
- local acidification in oxygen-starved crevices;
- combined fretting, wear and corrosion;
- galvanic coupling with unsuitable dissimilar metals;
- cathodic hydrogen charging or improper electrochemical treatment;
- strong reducing acids;
- hot concentrated salts or unusual disinfection chemicals;
- areas containing particles, residues or surface damage;
- new uses lacking device-level corrosion and biological validation.
Engineering caution: Biocompatibility, fatigue and body-fluid corrosion performance are not determined by grade alone. Bar cleanliness, microstructure, roughness, residual stress, machining defects, micromotion, wear, crevices, dissimilar metals, fluoride exposure and sterilization residue can affect the final device.
Typical Industry Manufacturing Route for ASTM F1472 Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Bar
- Raw-material selection and charge preparation: Use qualified titanium raw material, aluminum-vanadium master alloy and strictly controlled clean revert, closely controlling O, Fe, C, N, H, Y and residual elements.
- Electrode preparation: Homogenize, compact and weld consumable electrodes while avoiding high-density inclusions, low-density inclusions, oil, moisture and foreign contamination.
- Melting and ingot production: Use a qualified multiple-melting route meeting ASTM F1472-23 and purchase requirements, controlling chemistry uniformity, inclusions and ingot quality. The method, number of melts and supplementary raw-material restrictions follow the standard and order.
- Ingot conditioning and breakdown: Crop unsuitable ends, remove surface defects, and forge or roll sufficiently to break down the cast structure.
- Hot processing to bar: Forge or roll in a controlled alpha-beta range or other qualified window to obtain a fine dispersion of alpha and beta, without continuous alpha at prior-beta grain boundaries or coarse elongated alpha platelets, while controlling dimensions, oxidation and surface quality.
- Annealing and surface conditioning: Apply a qualified anneal, remove scale and alpha case, prevent hydrogen pickup and iron contamination, and obtain ordered microstructure and properties.
- Straightening and finishing: Turn, peel, centerless grind or polish to the ordered diameter, tolerance, straightness, roughness and machining allowance.
- Cleaning: Use validated mechanical or chemical cleaning to prevent oil, abrasive, iron, chlorinated-cleaner and pickling residue. Final implant cleaning remains the device manufacturer responsibility.
- Inspection: Verify chemistry, tensile properties, dimensions, surface and identification by heat or lot, and examine microstructure and surface contamination as required. Ultrasonic testing, grain size, macrostructure or supplementary examinations follow the order.
- Identification, packaging and traceability: Maintain one-to-one correspondence among heat, lot, bar and report and use clean protective packaging to prevent scratches, mix-ups and cross-contamination.
Manufacturing and inspection note: ASTM F1472 specifies chemistry, mechanical properties, microstructure and surface-contamination requirements. Diameter, tolerance, supplementary melting requirements, ultrasonic class, grain size, ground finish, machining allowance, clean packaging, EN 10204 3.1 documentation and third-party inspection must be confirmed in the purchase order.
