ASTM F1295 Ti-6Al-7Nb Titanium Plate & Sheet
- Standard: ASTM F1295 (or contract-specified edition)
- Grade: Ti-6Al-7Nb
- UNS: R56700
- Supply form: Hot-rolled plate, cold-rolled sheet, strip or cut flat stock
- Condition: Annealed, as ordered
- Thickness: 0.3–60 mm; Customizable up to 100 mm
- Width: 400–2000 mm
- Length: 1000–6000 mm
Customizable sizes are available, while specific product parameters should be confirmed per the applicable standard edition and order.
Product Overview
ASTM F1295-24 titanium plate and sheet are wrought Ti-6Al-7Nb alpha-beta alloy flat products for surgical implant manufacture, UNS R56700. Aluminum stabilizes alpha and niobium stabilizes beta. This vanadium-free alloy combines high specific strength, corrosion resistance, biological suitability and established medical processing capability.
Products may be supplied as annealed hot-rolled plate, cold-rolled sheet, strip or contract-finished flat stock. Strip is normally ≤4.76 mm thick and <610 mm wide; sheet is ≤4.76 mm thick and ≥610 mm wide; plate is >4.76 mm thick, ≥254 mm wide and more than five times as wide as thick, covered through 101.60 mm thickness. Special sizes require agreement.
| Specification | Cold-Rolled Titanium Sheet | Hot-Rolled Titanium Plate |
| Standard | ASTM F1295 | |
| Grades | Ti-6Al-7Nb | |
| Thickness | 0.3–4.75 mm | 5–60 mm; Customizable up to 100 mm |
| Standard Stock Thicknesses | 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.5 / 2.0 / 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.0mm | 5 / 6 / 8 / 10 / 12 / 15 / 20 / 25 / 30 / 35 / 40 / 50 / 60 mm |
| Width | 400–1200 mm | 400–2000 mm |
| Length | 1000–3000 mm | 1000–6000 mm |
| Note | Sheet Thickness ≤ 4.75 mm | Medical Titanium Plate & Sheet Typical thickness 0.5–20 mm; width ≤1200 mm; polished or pickled surfaces available. |
Medical-use boundary: ASTM F1295-compliant plate and sheet are medical-device raw material, not an approved finished implant. The device manufacturer remains responsible for design, forming/joining, fatigue, surface treatment, cleaning, sterilization, biological evaluation, risk management and regulatory compliance.
Main Characteristics
- Vanadium-free medical alpha-beta alloy: Approximately 7% Nb replaces V as the beta stabilizer while retaining high strength and useful processing behavior. Grade, specification and UNS identification must remain consistent with ASTM F1295 / R56700.
- Controlled chemistry: Al is 5.50-6.50% and Nb is 6.50-7.50%, with limits on Ta, Fe, O, C, N, H and residuals. Hydrogen is sampled from finished product to control pickup during pickling, heat treatment and finishing.
- Good biocompatibility: Stable TiO2, Nb2O5 and Al2O3 surface oxides and long medical use support implant applications. F1295 raw-material compliance does not approve the finished device; applicable biological evaluation such as ISO 10993 remains required.
- Good corrosion resistance: Performance is generally excellent in saline, body fluids and many chloride environments, but fretting, crevices, dissimilar-metal coupling, fluoride media and surface contamination require device-level evaluation.
- Weldable with strict shielding: Qualified laser, electron-beam, GTAW/TIG or resistance processes may be used. The pool, back side and hot heat-affected zone require full inert-gas protection. Sheet welding must also control heat input, distortion and residual stress.
- High strength with controlled formability: Annealed flat product can be sheared, stamped, bent, drawn to a limited extent and machined, but springback is significant. Room-temperature bend performance is verified by a 105° test using a 9T or 10T mandrel according to thickness.
Chemical Composition
The following mass-percent limits apply to ASTM F1295-24 Ti-6Al-7Nb (UNS R56700). Formal purchasing and acceptance are governed by the contract edition, official ASTM text and original mill report:
| Element | ASTM F1295 Ti-6Al-7Nb requirement |
| Aluminum, Al | 5.50-6.50% |
| Niobium, Nb | 6.50-7.50% |
| Tantalum, Ta | ≤0.50% |
| Iron, Fe | ≤0.25% |
| Oxygen, O | ≤0.20% |
| Carbon, C | ≤0.08% |
| Nitrogen, N | ≤0.05% |
| Hydrogen, H | ≤0.009% |
| Residual elements, each | ≤0.10% |
| Residual elements, total | ≤0.40% |
| Titanium, Ti | Balance |
Technical references: ASTM F1295-24 official edition information, publicly available ASTM F1295 technical tables, and producer data for TIMETAL 367 / ATI 6-7.
- Aluminum and niobium: Al is 5.50-6.50% and Nb is 6.50-7.50%. Homogeneity, beta transus, melting and thermomechanical processing jointly determine the final alpha-beta microstructure and properties.
- Tantalum and interstitials: Ta≤0.50%, Fe≤0.25%, O≤0.20%, C≤0.08%, N≤0.05% and H≤0.009%. The stringent hydrogen limit requires control of pickup during pickling, heat treatment, cleaning and storage.
- Residuals: Common requirements are ≤0.10% each and ≤0.40% total. The heat-specific report should cover all required elements and remain traceable to heat, lot and plate identification.
- Titanium content: The specification states Titanium: Balance. A nominal grade or medical-grade claim does not replace heat-specific analysis, the material report and contract testing.
Mechanical Properties
ASTM F1295 specifies room-temperature longitudinal and transverse requirements for annealed plate, sheet and strip: ≥900 MPa ultimate tensile strength, ≥800 MPa 0.2% yield strength and ≥10% elongation. Applicable sheet/strip is cold-bent through 105° without outside-surface fracture: 9T below 1.78 mm, 10T from 1.78 to 4.76 mm; the bend test does not apply above 4.76 mm. Formal acceptance follows the contract edition.
| Property | ASTM F1295 annealed flat-product minimum | Note |
| Ultimate tensile strength | ≥900 MPa | Longitudinal and transverse |
| 0.2% yield strength | ≥800 MPa | Longitudinal and transverse |
| Elongation | ≥10% | 50 mm gauge normally at ≥1.6 mm; thinner by agreement |
ASTM F1295 Ti-6Al-7Nb Annealed Plate & Sheet Minimum Requirements
| Property | Ti-6Al-7Nb annealed reference |
| Ultimate tensile strength | ASTM minimum: 900 MPa |
| 0.2% yield strength | ASTM minimum: 800 MPa |
| Elongation | ASTM minimum: 10% |
| Elastic modulus | Typical approx. 105-120 GPa |
Important: Tensile requirements apply longitudinal and transverse to rolling direction. At ≥1.6 mm thickness, elongation normally uses a 50 mm gauge length; below 1.6 mm the method may be agreed. Bend specimens are cold-bent through 105° without outside-surface fracture: 9T below 1.78 mm, 10T at 1.78-4.76 mm, and not applicable above 4.76 mm.
HTN Supply and Quality Documentation
HTN organizes ASTM F1295-24 Ti-6Al-7Nb medical titanium plate and sheet supply to customer purchase requirements. Material is produced by qualified titanium-mill resources. Original mill reports, heat/plate traceability, chemistry, longitudinal/transverse mechanical properties, bend test, microstructure, beta-transus and ultrasonic records can be supplied as agreed. HTN reviews edition, dimensions, tolerances, annealed condition, surface, flatness, rolling direction, edges and packaging, and can arrange retesting, cut-to-size processing, clean packaging and third-party inspection.
Typical Applications
- raw material for orthopedic trauma fixation plates, bone plates and related load-bearing implant components;
- cranio-maxillofacial reconstruction plates, spinal implant components and joint-system parts;
- dental, surgical-instrument and other medical-device components requiring high-strength thin sections;
- flat stock for precision stamping, bending, machining or hybrid additive/subtractive manufacturing;
- medical-device parts requiring high specific strength, good damage tolerance and corrosion resistance;
- hot-rolled plate, cold-rolled sheet, ground plate and cut-to-size flat stock supplied to customer drawings;
- medical-device research, prototypes and custom implant material;
- international projects when ISO 5832-11, regulatory and customer supplementary requirements are also met.
Application boundary: ASTM F1295 Ti-6Al-7Nb plate and sheet are raw material for surgical implant manufacture, not an approved finished implant. The final device must separately meet applicable regulations, design validation, fatigue evaluation, biological evaluation, cleaning, sterilization and traceability requirements.
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Fabrication and Machining Characteristics
Rolling, Finishing and Dimensional Control
Ti-6Al-7Nb plate and sheet are commonly made by qualified multiple melting, ingot breakdown, slab forging, hot rolling and, where needed, cold rolling, annealing, leveling and finishing. Rolling temperature, reduction, direction, cold work and intermediate annealing are controlled for uniform thickness, compliant microstructure and ordered flatness.
Shearing, bending and forming
Flat product may be sheared, blanked, bent, drawn or machined. Tensile specimens cover both longitudinal and transverse rolling directions. Bend specimens are cold-bent 105° without outside-surface fracture: 9T below 1.78 mm and 10T from 1.78 to 4.76 mm; thicker plate is exempt from this bend test.
Annealing and heat treatment
The flat-product mechanical table uses annealed material. Control temperature, soak, cooling and vacuum/inert atmosphere to prevent grain coarsening, continuous alpha at prior-beta boundaries, coarse elongated alpha platelets, alpha case, distortion, oxidation and hydrogen pickup. Beta transus may be determined and reported when ordered.
Welding and joining
Qualified laser, electron-beam, GTAW/TIG, resistance or diffusion joining may be used. Remove oil, oxides and iron contamination before joining and fully shield the weld face, back side and hot heat-affected zone. Sheet joining must control heat input and distortion; the finished device must validate joint microstructure, strength, fatigue, corrosion resistance and cleanliness.
Typical Physical Properties
The following are typical values for annealed Ti-6Al-7Nb near room temperature. Unless explicitly required by the standard or contract, they are not routine ASTM F1295 lot-acceptance values:
| Physical property | reference value |
| Density | Approx. 4.52 g/cm³ |
| Elastic modulus, annealed | Approx. 105-120 GPa |
| Beta transus | Approx. 1010-1015°C |
| Melting range | Approx. 1538-1649°C |
| Crystal structure at room temperature | Alpha + beta |
| Magnetism | Essentially non-magnetic |
| Typical annealed hardness | Approx. HRC 30-34 |
| Strengthening | Solid solution, microstructure control and cold work |
| Corrosion mechanism | TiO2 / Nb2O5-enriched passive film |
| Note | Typical; not a routine lot-acceptance value |
Physical-property reference: Producer data for TIMETAL 367 and ATI 6-7 / UNS R56700. Values vary with temperature, microstructure, rolling orientation, cold work and heat treatment.
Corrosion Resistance
Ti-6Al-7Nb forms a renewable passive film based mainly on TiO2 with stable Nb2O5 and Al2O3 and generally resists saline, body fluids and many aqueous chlorides. Performance still depends on scratches, rolling or grinding residue, edge quality, fretting, wear, crevices, dissimilar metals, fluoride exposure and cleaning or sterilization residue.
Environments in Which Ti-6Al-7Nb Generally Performs Well
- Saline and many simulated-body-fluid environments;
- humid air and high-purity water;
- neutral chloride solutions;
- many oxidizing environments;
- properly controlled cleaning and passivation processes;
- many medical-device sterilization processes after device validation;
- long-term tissue contact without fretting;
- validated orthopedic, spinal and dental implant environments.
Environments Requiring Careful Evaluation
- Fluoride cleaners, hydrofluoric acid or high-fluoride oral conditions;
- local acidification in oxygen-starved crevices;
- combined fretting, wear and corrosion;
- galvanic coupling with unsuitable dissimilar metals;
- cathodic hydrogen charging or improper electrochemical treatment;
- strong reducing acids;
- hot concentrated salts or unusual disinfection chemicals;
- areas containing particles, residues or surface damage;
- new uses lacking device-level corrosion and biological validation.
Engineering caution: Biocompatibility, fatigue and body-fluid corrosion performance are not determined by grade alone. Flat-product cleanliness, microstructure, rolling direction, surface scratches, grinding residue, edge quality, residual stress, fretting, wear, crevices, dissimilar metals, fluoride exposure and sterilization residue can affect the final device.
Typical Industry Manufacturing Route for ASTM F1295 Ti-6Al-7Nb Titanium Plate & Sheet
- Raw-material selection and charge preparation: Use qualified titanium raw material, aluminum and niobium additions, and strictly controlled clean revert, closely controlling Al, Nb, Ta, Fe, O, C, N, H and residual elements.
- Electrode preparation: Homogenize, compact and weld consumable electrodes while avoiding high-density inclusions, low-density inclusions, oil, moisture and foreign contamination.
- Melting and ingot production: Use a qualified multiple-melting route suitable for reactive metals, controlling alloy homogeneity, high- and low-density inclusions and ingot quality. The method, number of melts and raw-material restrictions follow ASTM F1295 and the order.
- Ingot conditioning and slab preparation: Crop unsuitable ends, remove surface defects, sufficiently break down the cast structure by forging, and make slabs suitable for rolling.
- Hot and cold rolling: Use a qualified temperature and deformation schedule to obtain a fine dispersion of alpha and beta without continuous alpha at prior-beta grain boundaries or coarse elongated alpha platelets, while controlling reduction, direction, temperature drop, oxidation and shape. Thin products may be cold-rolled with intermediate annealing.
- Final annealing and surface conditioning: Apply a qualified final anneal; remove scale, alpha case and rolling residue; prevent hydrogen pickup and iron contamination. Machined, ground or chemically milled surfaces shall be free of alpha case; other surfaces shall show no continuous alpha-case layer at 100×.
- Leveling, cutting and finishing: Level, shear, saw, water-cut, grind or polish to the ordered thickness, width, length, flatness, edge condition and surface roughness.
- Cleaning: Use validated mechanical or chemical cleaning to prevent oil, abrasive, iron, chlorinated-cleaner and pickling residue. Final implant precision cleaning and sterilization remain the device manufacturer responsibility.
- Inspection: Verify chemistry, longitudinal/transverse tensile properties, applicable 105° bend, thickness, dimensions, flatness, surface, microstructure and identification. Finished thickness ≥6.35 mm normally requires AMS 2630 Class A1 ultrasonic inspection for plate; if thinner or not inspectable at finish, inspect intermediate slab/billet or follow purchaser-supplier agreement.
- Identification, packaging and traceability: Maintain one-to-one correspondence among heat, lot, plate number, flat product and report. Use clean, dry, scratch-resistant packaging with interleaving to prevent bending, mix-ups and cross-contamination.
Manufacturing and inspection note: ASTM F1295 specifies chemistry, mechanical properties, microstructure, alpha case, applicable bend testing and ultrasonic inspection. Define dimensions, tolerances, flatness, rolling direction, edges, roughness, beta-transus reporting, ultrasonic class, clean packaging, EN 10204 3.1 documentation and third-party inspection in the purchase order.
